Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- reprap-industrial-v1:tips-tricks [2015/03/19 09:51]
Markus Bürgener [First layer] link homed
+++ reprap-industrial-v1:tips-tricks [2015/11/17 12:37]
Markus Bürgener removed
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Tips & Tricks ======
 ===== General =====
 Here you will find information about general issues concerning the operation of the RepRap Industrial in your specific work environment.
-==== Setting a static IP address for RepRap Industrial ethernet connection ====
+==== Commandline Access to the linux operating system via SSH ====
 Use SSH on your computer connected to the same LAN as your 3D printer to log in to the RepRap Industrials' built-in BeagleBone Black. You can use the hostname from the printers' [[reprap-industrial-v1:manual#Setup|Backend-URL]] and log in with the following access data:
   User: kiosk
   Password: eight-digit combination from the serial number at the back of the device. Take the first two four-digit blocks - XX-AAAA-BBBB-CCCC-YYYY becomes an "AAAABBBB" password.
-Edit the network configuration via the command line editor "nano"
+==== Setting a static IP address for RepRap Industrial ethernet connection ====
-  sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces (use the above user and password)
+First, [[#Commandline Access to the linux operating system via SSH|establish a commandline connection]] to the printer.
+From within the terminal session, edit the network configuration via the command line editor "nano"
+  sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
+  (use the same password as for the SSH connection)
 The current DHCP setup looks like:
@@ Line 18: / Line 23: @@
 Change the setup according to your needs.
-  Example:
+Example:
     # The primary network interface
     auto eth0
     iface eth0 inet static
     address 192.168.1.20
-    netmask 255.255.2555.0
+    netmask 255.255.255.0
-    network 192.468.1.0
     broadcast 192.168.1.255
-    gateway 192.168.1.254
+    gateway 192.168.1.1
     dns-search family.local
-    dns-nameservers 192.168.1.254
+    dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1
       pre-up iptables-restore </etc/iptables.rules
 The rest of the file remains unchanged. Save the file using CTRL+X and confirm the overwrite query with "Y".
 Disconnect and finish by typing
-    exit
+  exit
+Shut down (see [[reprap-industrial-v1:Manual#Manual control]]) and reboot (power-on button, [[reprap-industrial-v1:Manual#Electronic chamber|11]] in [[reprap-industrial-v1:Manual#Electronic chamber|fig. 4]]) the RepRap Industrial to establish the alterations.
+<WRAP clear> </WRAP>
+==== Use a custom NTP server for time signals ====
+First, [[#Commandline Access to the linux operating system via SSH|establish a commandline connection]] to the printer.
+From within the terminal session, stop the NTP daemon background process
+  sudo service ntp stop
+  (use the same password as for the SSH connection)
+Edit the NTP daemon configuration via the command line editor "nano"
+  sudo nano /etc/ntp.conf
+Search for the few lines beginning with <code>server ...</code> and add an additional new line **before** these **with the address to your local NTP server** like this
+  server 192.168.1.123
+add another additional statement anywhere in this file
+  # ignore panic threshold for huge time differences
+  tinker panic 0
+The rest of the file remains unchanged. Save the file using CTRL+X and confirm the overwrite query with "Y".
+Re-enable NTP client service for background operation
+  sudo service ntp start
+Disconnect and finish by typing
+  exit
 Shut down (see [[reprap-industrial-v1:Manual#Manual control]]) and reboot (power-on button, [[reprap-industrial-v1:Manual#Electronic chamber|11]] in [[reprap-industrial-v1:Manual#Electronic chamber|fig. 4]]) the RepRap Industrial to establish the alterations.
@@ Line 52: / Line 84: @@
-===== Slicing =====
+===== Handling 3D files =====
 Any information we gather related to improving or easing the slicing process is listed in the following paragraphs.
@@ Line 102: / Line 134: @@
 </WRAP>
-==== Overhang - adjusting the layer thickness ====
+==== Easy evaluation of .stl-data ====
-If you want to print filigree objects with overhanging structures without adding supports, try reducing the layer thickness for this print by 15 - 20%. This will result in a finer Z-axis resolution and increased overlay of subsequent layers so that more stability is gained over the height of the target object.
+Especially when using files downloaded from open internet sources it may be that these files are not suitable for printing due to export or modeling mistakes. Misaligned edges (non-manifolds) and holes can render a 3D model unprintable and make troubleshooting on the 3D printer an infinite displeasure because no obvious reason can be detected.
-==== First layer ====
+One quick and simple way to eliminate this as an error source is checking the suitability of your .stl-file for 3D printing. All you need is a program capable of analyzing the .stl-file's mesh.\\
-The adhesion of the first layer to the print bed is extremely important to minimize warping (see [[knowledge-base#warping-prevention|this article]] also).
+Slic3r itself can deal with minor troubles and the [[http://www.netfabb.com/|netfabb company]] offers a [[http://www.netfabb.com/downloadcenter.php?basic=1|free basic version]] of their //netfabb studio//, an .stl-handling tool with repair functions. Other tools may be as helpful but these two are used to explain how to recognize a corrupted file.
-To optimize the adhesion, some Slic3r settings should be adjusted.\\
-<WRAP group>
-<WRAP half column>
-\\
-</WRAP>
-<WRAP half column>
-<WRAP info>
-INFO
-//The following applies to the nozzle tip size 0.35 mm and the preset Slic3r profiles you installed during initial commissioning. It is meant to give you an overview of the settings relevant for the optimization of the first layer adhesion. Please experiment to find the settings best suited for your task and test all settings before applying them to your final model if you use other nozzle sizes.//
-</WRAP>
-</WRAP>
-</WRAP>
 <WRAP group>
 <WRAP half column>
-  * Set the layer thickness of the first layer ("First layer height") to a value equaling the diameter of the nozzle tip bore **and**
+__Slic3r part info:__\\ (see [[http://manual.slic3r.org/advanced/repairing-models|Slic3r manual]] also)\\
-</WRAP>
+After opening a file in Slic3r, the info box in the bottom-right corner of the plater shows information on the model status. For a single, suitable part the info must look like:\\
+''Factes: xxxxx (1 shells)''\\
+''Manifold: Yes''\\
-<WRAP half column>
+If it displays ''Manifold: Auto-repaired (xxxx errors)'' the file contains degenerations.\\ It is most likely that it also shows an increased number of shells (e.g. ''Facets: xxxxx (6 shells)'' because the part has been split.\\ Also check the 3D preview for visible defects. In this case it is better to repair or reconstruct the model.\\ Regard that the auto-repair function of Sic3r is only suited for repairing minor defects.
-[{{slic3r_firstlayersettings.png?400|Slic3r Print Settings - setting the first layer height}}]
-</WRAP>
 </WRAP>
-<WRAP clear> </WRAP>
-<WRAP group>
 <WRAP half column>
-  * increase the extrusion width to 150 %.\\ \\ Both measures compensate for unevennesses of the print bed and increase the tolerance against slight leveling mistakes. The distance between nozzle tip and print bed will assure that the bore is not clogged when passing convex bumps by leaving enough free space in between. The extrusion width will make sure that enough material is conveyed to equalize concave crudities.
+[{{:reprap-industrial-v1:slic3r_brokenpart-analysis.png?400|Slic3r info box for a flawless (above) and a corrupted (below) part.}}]
 </WRAP>
-<WRAP half column>
-[{{slic3r_advancedsettings.png?400|Slic3r Advanced Settings - reducing the first layer extrusion width}}]
 </WRAP>
-</WRAP>
 <WRAP group>
 <WRAP half column>
-  * Make sure that the first layer extrusion speed does not exceed 25 mm/s\\ (less for nozzle tips ≤0.35 mm).\\ Due to the higher heat transfer and the less sudden cooling the adhesion is increased.
+__Evaluation and repair with netfabb basic:__\\ (see [[http://www.netfabb.com/manuals_download.php|netfabb basic manual]] also)\\
+If you open a (supposedly broken) .stl in netfabb, the program will display a red warning sign in the bottom-right corner when the part is indeed faulty.\\ To see mismatches, run the part repair function by clicking on the red cross sign in the toolbar or via the //Extras// menu. The part is analyzed and all mesh information are displayed, including holes, invalid orientation etc. You can try using the auto-repair function or manually repair defects (very limited in the basic edition) to correct the part prior to newly exporting it as .stl.\\
+\\
+If simple repair does not lead to satisfactorily results, redesigning or renouncing this specific part and choosing another one may be the best choices.
 </WRAP>
 <WRAP half column>
-[{{slic3r_firstlayerspeed.png?400|Slic3r Print Settings - setting the first layer extrusion speed}}]
+[{{:reprap-industrial-v1:netfab_brokenpart-analysis.png?400|Alert of mismatches in an .stl and the preview of misaligned edges and holes in netfabb basic's part repair. }}]
 </WRAP>
 </WRAP>
-<WRAP group>
+==== Overhang - adjusting the layer thickness ====
-<WRAP half column>
+If you want to print filigree objects with overhanging structures without adding supports, try reducing the layer thickness for this print by 15 - 20%. This will result in a finer Z-axis resolution and increased overlay of subsequent layers so that more stability is gained over the height of the target object.
-  * Optimize the extrusion and print bed temperature for the filament currently installed.\\ Do not hesitate to try different settings here, since even colored additives may alter the optimal extrusion temperature.
-</WRAP>
-<WRAP half column>
-[{{slic3r_firstlayertemp.png?400|Slic3r Filament Settings - setting the first layer extrusion temperature}}]
-</WRAP>
-</WRAP>
-<WRAP group>
-<WRAP half column>
-  * For filigree or thin-walled objects add a 3 to 6 mm brim and/or 3 to 8 raft layers to increase the effective adhering area (see [[http://manual.slic3r.org/|Slic3r manual]] also).
-</WRAP>
-<WRAP half column>
-[{{slic3r_brim.png?400|Slic3r Print Settings - adding a brim}}]
-[{{slic3r_raft.png?400|Slic3r Print Settings - adding raft layers}}]
-</WRAP>
-</WRAP>
 ==== Modifying infill and perimeters ====
@@ Line 192: / Line 189: @@
 ==== Print bed leveling ====
-The PEI print beds delivered with every RepRap Industrial are custom-made specially to our needs. Due to the manufacturing process, they may show bends and curves which can make handling them a bit tricky. These flaws are accepted due to the superior properties of PEI compared to other subsurfaces when printing ABS. Follow the tips given below and you should have no trouble achieving perfect results.\\
-Of course, the PEI print bed is, like the whole RepRap Industrial, optimized for printing ABS. It also works fine with HIPS, PET-Copolyester, PVA and thermoplastic urethane (TPE-U). Other materials may require a different subsurface, be it another material or a special treatment with tape or glue. Find more information about materials and printing them with a RepRap Industrial in our [[reprap-industrial-v1:knowledge-base#materials|knowledgebase]].
 <WRAP group>
 <WRAP half column>
-Accurate leveling is vitally important for the print result. Although correct first layer settings can compensate for slight unevennesses of the print bed, false leveling will ruin a print within the first few layers.
+Accurate leveling is vitally important for the print result. Although correct first layer settings can compensate for slight unevennesses of the print bed, false leveling will ruin a print within the first few layers. \\
 Evidence for a leveling mistake can be:
-  - Asymmetrical layer thickness, especially of the first layer, due to lopsided leveling.
+^  No.  ^  Appearance  ^  Reason  ^
-    * On one side of the print bed the extruded strand is laid on the print bed instead of being spread → the print bed and the nozzle are too far apart.
+|  1  | Asymmetrical layer thickness, especially of the first layer.   | lopsided leveling\\ Appearance 2 and 3 are visible simultaneously |
-    * On the other side of the print bed the extruded strand is pressed onto the print bed until the nozzle tip is clogged → the print bed and the nozzle are too close.
+|  2  | Smearing of the extrusion and possibly clogging of the nozzle.  | Print bed and the nozzle are too close together. |
-  - Smearing of the extrusion and possibly clogging of the nozzle due to too closely leveled bed.
+|  3  | The extruded strand is laid on the print bed instead of being spread.  | Print bed and the nozzle are too far apart.\\ (can be due to a wrong bed temperature also – better double-check) |
-  - Strands do not stick to the print bed but are being pulled away by the nozzle tip. Of course, this can be due to a wrong bed temperature also – better double-check.
+|::: | Strands do not stick to the print bed but are being pulled away by the nozzle tip.  |:::  |
-  - Extrusion of rounded, unjoined strands.
+|  4  | Extrusion of rounded, unjoined strands. | Print bed and the nozzle are too far apart. |
-</WRAP>
+</WRAP>
 <WRAP half column>
 [{{:reprap-industrial-v1:lopsidedleveling.png?400|Leveling mistakes: examples of characteristic appearances of the first layer.}}]
@@ Line 228: / Line 223: @@
 </WRAP>
+=== Tips for easier leveling ===
 <WRAP group>
 <WRAP half column>
-  * If you find it difficult to adjust the three leveling points uniformly with only the spring pressure, place a sheet of paper (not more than standard 80 g/m²) between the nozzle tip and the print bed and carefully push the bed against the tip before fastening the set screws. This way, you ensure a uniform bed - tip distance at all three leveling points.
+If you find it difficult to adjust the three leveling points uniformly with only the spring pressure, place a sheet of paper (not more than standard 80 g/m²) between the nozzle tip and the print bed and carefully push the bed against the tip before fastening the set screws. This way, you ensure a uniform bed - tip distance at all three leveling points.
 </WRAP>
 <WRAP half column>
 [{{:reprap-industrial-v1:levelingpaperspacer.png?400|Manual leveling with paper spacer - front and hind right leveling point.}}]
+</WRAP>
+</WRAP>
+<WRAP group>
+<WRAP half column>
+Another way of making leveling a little bit less important is "floating" your print on a raft. Slic3r (and most other slicing software) provides the "raft" function, a special kind of support material, which means that before starting with the actual object a (customizable) number of loosely printed layers is printed to compensate slight leveling mistakes. If you choose the raft settings correctly, beginning with a layer as wide and thick as allowable (depending on the nozzle tip's diameter) leveling will become a much less annoying process.\\ The raft's first layer is treated as the print's first layer and uses the respective settings. The following layers of the raft are calculated according to the support material settings. Choose the maximal first layer height (//Slic3r -> Print Settings -> Layers and perimeters/First layer height//) and a first layer extrusion width of 250 % (//Slic3r -> Print Settings -> Advanced/Extrusion width -First layer//) for a compensating, condoning and stable raft.
+\\
+The raft can either be built of the model's material and cut away later or, if available for the specific plastic, of support material and broken off or dissolved. Check with the [[knowledge-base#materials|Materials']] section to see if a secondary support material is available. For break-away or soluble rafts the dual extrusion function of the RepRap Industrial is required. Remember to check that all necessary calibrations and settings have been made as described in the [[knowledge-base#Dual extruder printing|Knowledgebase]].
+</WRAP>
+<WRAP half column>
+[{{:reprap-industrial-v1:slic3r_adding_raft_layers.png?400|Adding a freely choosen number of raft layers to the print.}}]
 </WRAP>
 </WRAP>
@@ Line 301: / Line 309: @@
 INFO
-//Saving these settings for Slic3r as an "extruder calibration" profile will make extruder calibration much more comfortable in the future.//
+//Saving these settings as an "extruder calibration" profile will make this calibration much more comfortable in the future.//
 </WRAP>
 </WRAP>
@@ Line 339: / Line 347: @@
 </WRAP>
-==== Direct G-code manipulation ====
+==== Deactivating the heating elements after end of print job ====
-The following list contains supported G-code commands that can be used on demand to alter the start and end G-codes in Slic3r or for direct input via the G-code keyboard in the //Log// menu.
-^ Command ^ Effect ^  Example  ^
-|''G1'' | Coordinated Movement X Y Z E |  G1 X130 Y85 Z1.75 E4.35  |
-|''G4 S<seconds>'' | Wait for given duration in seconds  |  G4 S5 (waits 5 seconds)  |
-|''G28'' | Home all axes | |
-|''G90'' | Use absolute coordinates | |
-|''G91'' | Use relative coordinates | |
-|''M80'' | Activate build chamber | |
-|''M82'' | Set E codes absolute (default) | |
-|''M83'' | Set E codes relative while in Absolute Coordinates (G90) mode | |
-|''M104 S<temp> T<extruder>'' | Set temperature without wait |  [[#Adjusting the build chamber temperature|ex1]], [[#Deactivating the heating elements after end of print job|ex2]]  |
-|''M109 S<temp> T<extruder>'' | Set temperature with wait | |
-|''M140 S<temp>'' | Set bed target temp without wait | |
-|''M190 S<temp>'' | Set bed target temp with wait | |
-|''M221 S<extrusion flow multiplier in percent>'' | Increase/decrease given flow rate |  M221 S95\\ -> decrease flow to 95% of current value  |
-=== Deactivating the heating elements after end of print job ===
 Sometimes you may want to start a print job just before finishing time or the weekend. Since there is currently no automatic shutdown function, the 3D printer will then stay on all night respectively some days. With the following description you can alter the End G-code of your print so that the heating elements are shut off after the print job has been finished so that the power consumption is reduced significantly. A side effect is, that due to the fact that the build chamber needs some hours to channel off the heat the cooling process is slowed and thereby internal tensions of the printed object are reduced.
 To deactivate the heating elements after a print job:
 <WRAP group>
 <WRAP half column>
-  * Open the [Printer Settings] tab in Slic3r and choose the //Custom G-code// menu.
+  - Start your slicing software.
-  * Activate the End G-code editor by clicking into the text field.
+  - Open the [Printer Settings] tab.
-  * Position the cursor in the last line before the ''; /END-GCODE'' entry.
+  - Choose the "Custom G-code" menu.
-  * Enter the command\\ ''M104 S0 T2''\\ This will set the heating elements of the build chamber to a temperature of 0 °C.
+  - In the //End G-Code// editor scroll down to the end of the text field and position the cursor in the last line above the ''; /END-GCODE'' entry.
-  * Enter the command\\ ''M140 S0''\\ This will deactivate the print bed as the last action of the current G-code.
+  - Enter the command\\ ''M104 S0 T2''\\ This will set the heating elements of the build chamber to a temperature of 0 °C.
+  - Enter the command\\ ''M140 S0''\\ This will deactivate the print bed as the last action of the current G-code.
 </WRAP>
 <WRAP half column>
-[{{:reprap-industrial-v1:slic3r_endgcode.png?400|Switching off the build chamber heating elements by modifying the Slic3r custom End G-code.}}]
+[{{:reprap-industrial-v1:tt_slic3r_modify_endgcode_autooff.png?400|Switching off the build chamber heating elements by modifying the Slic3r custom End G-code.}}]
 </WRAP>
 </WRAP>
-=== Adjusting the build chamber temperature ===
+==== Adjusting the build chamber temperature ====
 <WRAP note>
 NOTICE
@@ Line 389: / Line 380: @@
 software may differ in denotations):
   - Open your slicing software.
-  - Open the tab "Printer Settings" and choose "Custom G-code".
+  - Open the tab [Printer Settings].
-  -- Go to the line reading:\\ <code> M104 S70 T2; set recirculating air heater to 70 degree celcius target temperature</code>
+  - Choose the //Start G-code// editor in the "Custom G-code" menu.
-  - Change the entry "S//xy//" (here //S70//) by replacing the value //xy// with the desired temperature, for example //50° C//:\\ <code>M104 S50 T2; set recirculating air heater to 50 degree celcius target temperature</code> (for logical reasons, the comment should be aligned)
+  -- Scroll down to\\ ''; PREHEAT BED AND CHAMBER''\\ and position the cursor in the line reading:\\ <code> M104 S70 T2; set recirculating air heater to 70 degree celcius target temperature</code>
-  - If you want to keep the settings, save them in the profile (see [[http://manual.slic3r.org/|Slic3r manual]]).
+  - Change the entry "S//xy//" (here //S70//) by replacing the value //xy// with the desired temperature, for example //50° C//:\\ <code>M104 S50 T2; set recirculating air heater to 50 degree celcius target temperature</code> (for logical reasons, the comment should be aligned).
+  - If you want to keep the settings, save them in a new profile (see [[http://manual.slic3r.org/|Slic3r manual]]).
 Any G-code exported with this profile loaded will heat the build chamber to the stated temperature prior to printing.
 </WRAP>
@@ Line 402: / Line 394: @@
 <WRAP clear></WRAP>
+==== G-code manipulation at the GUI ====
+<WRAP group>
+<WRAP half column>
+The following list contains supported G-code commands that can be used on demand to directly interfere with a print procedure or setting via the G-code keyboard of the GUI's **Log** menu.
+</WRAP>
+<WRAP half column>
+[{{:reprap-industrial-v1:tt_gui-loggcodekeys.png?400|The G-code keyboard in the Log menu provides all keys to enter G-code commands.}}]
+</WRAP>
+</WRAP>
+^ Command ^ Effect ^  Example  ^
+|''G1'' | Coordinated Movement X Y Z E |  G1 X130 Y85 Z1.75 E4.35  |
+|''G4 S<seconds>'' | Wait for given duration in seconds  |  G4 S5 (waits 5 seconds)  |
+|''G28'' | Home all axes | |
+|''G90'' | Use absolute coordinates | |
+|''G91'' | Use relative coordinates | |
+|''M80'' | Activate build chamber | |
+|''M82'' | Set E codes absolute (default) | |
+|''M83'' | Set E codes relative while in Absolute Coordinates (G90) mode | |
+|''M104 S<temp> T<extruder>'' | Set temperature without wait |  [[#Adjusting the build chamber temperature|Adjusting the build chamber temperature]],\\ [[#Deactivating the heating elements after end of print job|Deactivating the heating elements after end of print job]]  |
+|''M109 S<temp> T<extruder>'' | Set temperature with wait | |
+|''M140 S<temp>'' | Set bed target temp without wait | |
+|''M190 S<temp>'' | Set bed target temp with wait | |
+|''M221 S<extrusion flow multiplier in percent>'' | Increase/decrease given flow rate |  M221 S95\\ -> decrease flow to 95 % of g-code value  |
+|''M220 S<print speed multiplier in percent>''  | Increase/decrease print speed of all drive speeds  |  M220 S95\\ -> decrease print speed to 95 % of g-code value  |

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